Wikipedia

Tania Bruguera

Munthu wa ku Cuba uyo wakacitanga maseŵero ghakupambanapambana

Tania Bruguera (wakababika mu 1968 ku Havana, Cuba)[1]) ni nkhwantha ya vyakujambura na kujambura vinthu ndipo wakujambura vinthu na kujambura vinthu. Iye wakukhala ku Cambridge uko wakugwira nchito nga ni mutu wa vya manyuzipepara na vyakucita pa Harvard University.[2] Bruguera wakaluta ku maungano ghakurughakuru pa caru cose.[3] Ntchito yake yili mu nyumba zakusungiramo vinthu vya pa caru cose, kusangzapo Museum of Modern Art na Bronx Museum of the Arts na Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana.[3]

Tania Bruguera
Kubabika
Tania Brugueras

1968 (age 55–56)
Havana, Cuba
Sukulu yaumalilo
Known forArtist and activist
Notable workDisplacement (1989-99),
Untitled (Havana, 2000),
Tatlin's Whisper #5 (2008)
UndanoPerformance Art, installation and video
Mpapi
Mphoto
Webusaitiwww.taniabruguera.com

Mulimo wa Bruguera ukulongosora vya mazaza na kuwusa, ndipo milimo yake yinandi yikulongosora vinthu ivyo vikachitika mu Cuba.[4][5] Chifukwa cha ivyo wakachitanga, Bruguera wakakakika kanandi waka na kujalirika mu jele.

Mbili

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Wakababika na zina lakuti Tania Brugueras, ndipo wakaŵa mwana wa Miguel Brugueras uyo wakaŵa nduna ya boma, kweni wakati wakwaniska vyaka 18, wakasintha zina lake na kuŵa Bruguera.[6]

Cifukwa cakuti adada ŵake ŵakaŵa nduna ndipo ŵakaŵa mu boma la Fidel Castro, Tania wakasama maulendo ghatatu apo wakaŵa mwana. Adada ŵake ŵakaluta ku Paris (1973-1974), Lebanon (1974-1977), na Panama (1977-1979). Mu 1979, vilimika viŵiri kufuma apo wakasamukira kacitatu, Bruguera wakasankha kuwelera ku Cuba.

Bruguera wakasambira ku Instituto Superior de Arte ku Havana ndipo pamasinda wakatora digiri ya M.F.A. ku School of the Art Institute of Chicago.[7][4][3] Ndiwo wakambiska na kulongozga Catédra Arte de Conducta (sukulu ya maluso gha kachitiro), sukulu yakwamba ya maluso gha kachitiro ku Latin America, iyo yikupangika na Instituto Superior de Arte ku Havana. Kufuma mu 2003 kufika mu 2010, wakaŵa pulofesa mu Dipatimenti ya Visual Arts pa Yunivesite ya Chicago, ku United States ndipo ni pulofesa wakucemeka ku Yunivesite ya Iuav di Venezia ku Venice, Italy.

Mu 2021, Bruguera wakafumako ku Cuba kuti boma lizomerezge kuti ŵakwimira boma awo ŵakakakika mu chaka chenechichi ŵafumemo mu Cuba.[8]

Ntchito

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Mu 1985-96, Ana Mendieta wati wafwa, Bruguera wakambiska viphikiro vyakuti Tribute to Ana Mendieta.

Mu 1997 Bruguera wakalemba buku lakuti The Burden of Guilt (El peso de la culpa) ilo likulongosora umo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Cuba ŵakajiphyera mwakuti ŵaleke kukomeka na ŵanthu ŵa ku Spain.[9][10] Bruguera wakalongosora kuti kurya fuvu kukaŵa "nkhondo ya kulimbana na boma". Pa nyengo iyi, Bruguera wakimilira kwambura kuvwara, ndipo thupi la mwana wa mberere likaŵa mu singo yake. Kwa maminiti 45, wakarya dongo lakusazgako maji na mchere, ivyo vikimiranga masozi.[11][12][13] Nga ni umo Edward Rubin wakalongosolera, "cithuzithuzi cakucitiska citima ici cikadankha kulongoreka mu Havana, uko ŵategherezgi ŵakakumbuskika makora kuti wanangwa, wanangwa, na wanangwa wa kujisankhira vyakucita ni vintu vyambura kuwoneka, kweni ni vinthu ivyo vikulongora kuti tili na wanangwa".

Mu 1998-1999 Bruguera wakapanga cinthu cakucita cithuzithuzi cakucemeka kuti "Destierro" (Kusamuka). Vinthu ivi vikuyanako na ivyo munthu munyake wankhongono zina lake - Nikis Nkonde -  wakachita ndipo vikulongora kuti boma la Cuba likaŵalayizga vinthu vyawaka ŵanthu ŵake apo likachitanga vinthu vyautesi. Na cinthu ici, Tania wakucema ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba kuti ŵacitepo kanthu na kupempha boma la ku Cuba kuti licite ivyo laŵalayizga.

Mu 2002, Bruguera wakambiska Cátedra Arte de Conducta (Sukulu ya Maluso gha Nkharo) ku Havana kuti wapeleke malo ghakusambizgirako vya maluso ghanyake mu caru ca Cuba. Cátedra iyi yikaŵa na mulimo wa kusambizga ŵawukirano ŵa ku Cuba maluso ghakupambanapambana, na kulongora umo maluso ghangagwilira nchito kuti ghasinthe maghanoghano gha ŵanthu. Kweniso, Cátedra yingapulikikwa nga ni mulimo wa luso mu nthowa ya maboma kususka, social mchitidwe, panji parasitism, na Bruguera reformulating maboma frameworks wa Cuban national art sukulu, the Havana Biennial, ndipo ndalama-ndi-nkongono-fueled mayiko luso dera kuti unintended vilato. Pakugwiliskira nchito malo agho wakaŵa, Bruguera wakawovwira ŵasambiri ŵake kuti ŵaŵe na nkharo yiwemi mwa kuŵalongoraso milimo yawo pa Havana Bienal".

Bruguera wakaluta ku Havana ku Havana Biennial of Tatlin's Whisper #6 2009 ndipo wakapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵayowoye vinandi. Pa nyengo iyo ŵakacitanga cinthu ici, Bruguera wakaŵika maikolofoni na kuphalira ŵanthu kuti ŵayowoyenge cilicose ico ŵakukhumba kwa miniti yimoza. Ŵanthu awo ŵakavwaranga vyakuvwara vya ŵasilikari ŵakaŵikanga tuyuni tuchokotuchoko pa viŵegha vya waliyose uyo wakayowoyanga nkhani, kulongora kuti ŵakakumbukiranga ivyo vikacitika apo nkhunda yikakhala pa viŵegha vya Fidel Castro apo wakayowoyanga nkhani yakulongosora kuti watonda pa nkhondo mu Janyuwale 1959. Ŵanandi awo ŵakaŵapo pa ungano uwu ŵakayowoya mazgu ghakuti "ufulu" na "demokirasi". Yumoza wa ŵanthu aŵa wakaŵa Yoani Sánchez, uyo ni mulembi wa mabulogu.[14][15][16] Boma la ku Cuba likayowoya kuti likususka ivi ndipo likati "ichi ntchiyezgo chakukhozga soni na chambura kuzomerezgeka ku ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kujambura vinthu ndipo chikukwiyiska ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba na ŵa ku vyaru vinyake awo ŵakiza kuzakalongora kuti ŵakukolerana na boma".[14][17]

IMu 2011, Bruguera adayamba kugwira ntchito pa Immigrant Movement International, ntchito yojambulidwa m'magawo ambiri yomwe ikuyembekezeka kupitilira mu 2015. Mu 2011, Bruguera wakamba kukhala mu nyumba yichoko ku Corona, Queens, na ŵanthu ŵankhondi ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake na ŵana ŵawo. Iyo wakakhumbanga kumanya masuzgo agho ŵanthu awo ŵali na vikalata vyambura kuzomerezgeka ŵakukumana nagho para ŵakukhumba kusanga ndalama zinandi yayi kweniso para ŵalije inshuwalansi. Mulimo uwu ukacitikanga na Queens Museum of Art na gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kusanga ndalama yayi lakucemeka Creative Time. Mulimo uwu ukaŵangaso wa kujura sitoro ku New York, uko Bruguera wakakhumbanga kuti wacitiskenge masambiro gha luso ku ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake, kweni wakasanga kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakizanga ku sitoro iyi ŵakakhumbanga kusambira Cingelezi panji kusanga nchito.

Mu chaka cha 2012, wakalemba buku la Surplus Value, ilo likaŵa chigaŵa cha pulogiramu ya Immigrant Movement International ku Tate Modern. Kuti ŵanjire mu cipinda ca Surplus Value, ŵalendo ŵakalindiliranga pa mzere utali, ndipo ŵakakhumbikwiranga kupimika na makina ghakupimira utesi. Pa malo agha pakaŵa vimanyikwiro vinayi vyakuyana na ivyo vikaŵa mu misasa yakuyuzgirako ŵanthu ya Nazi.

Mu chaka cha 2013, wakambiska pulogiramu ya The Museum of Arte Útil mu mgwirizano na Queens Museum of Art ku New York na Van Abbemuseum ku Eindhoven (NL). Mu Cisipanishi, lizgu lakuti Arte Útil likung'anamura luso, kweni likung'anamuraso luso panji cinthu cinyake. Arte Útil wakughanaghana, kulenga na kufiska vinthu ivyo vikovwira ŵanthu. Nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale ya Arte Útil yikapangika na gulu la Asociación de Arte Útil, ilo ni gulu la ŵanthu ŵakufuma mu vyaru vinyake. Alistair Hudson, uyo ni mulara wa sukulu ya Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art (MIMA) na Bruguera ndiwo ŵakulongozga gulu ili.

Mu chaka cha 2017, Bruguera wakajipharazga kuti waŵe mulembi wa chisankho cha pulezidenti wa ku Cuba mu chaka cha 2018 mu vidiyo yakuchemeka #YoMePropongo en Cuba. Mu pulogiramu iyi, wakufumba ŵanthu kuti ŵaghanaghanire ivyo ŵangacita kuti ŵazakaŵe na umoyo uwemi munthazi ku Cuba usange ŵangasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti. M'paka sono, Bruguera wapokera mavidiyo 70 kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba awo ŵakukhumba kusintha boma la vimbundi ili, kuti ŵaŵape nyumba zakukwana, kweniso kuti ŵasinthe vinthu pa nkhani ya ndalama.

Mu chaka cha 2018, wakapokera ntchito ya ku Tate Modern's Turbine Hall. Pa malo agha, Bruguera wakabenekelera cigaŵa cinyake ca pasi na malangi ghafipa. Para ŵalendo ŵakhala panji kugona pa malo agha, ŵakawonanga cithuzithuzi cikuru ca munthu uyo wakacimbira ku Syria. Catherine Wood, uyo wakonkheska malo agha, wakalongosora kuti: "Mukucema ŵanthu kuti ŵacitepo kanthu, cifukwa palije ico mungacita kuti muwonenge cithuzithuzi ici kwambura kukolerana na ŵanthu ŵanandi".

Mu chaka cha 2021, nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale ya Pérez Art Museum ku Miami yikagura ntchito ya Bruguera ya El peso de la culpa (The Burden of Guilt).[18][19]

Bruguera wakaluta ku malo ghanandi ghakupambanapambana, kusazgapo Documenta 11 (2002), Documenta fifteen (2022), Bienal Iberoamericana ku Lima, Peru (2002), Istanbul Biennial (2003), Shanghai Biennale (2004), na Gwangju Biennale ku Gwangju, Korea (2008). Ntchito zake zili mu nyumba zakusungiramo vinthu vya ŵanthu ŵanandi pa charu chose, kusazgapo Museum of Modern Art na Bronx Museum of the Arts ku New York na Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana.[3]

Activism

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Bruguera wakakakika na kufumiskika katatu mu nyengo ya Disembala 2014 mpaka Janyuwale 2015 chifukwa cha kupanga chiwonetsero ku Plaza de la Revolución ku Havana. Iyo wakakakika pamoza na ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku Cuba, awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti vinthu visinthe, awo ŵakalembanga mabulogu, na awo ŵakalembanga nkhani mu nyuzipepara, awo ŵakalondezganga kampeni ya 'Yo Tambien Exijo.' Kampeni iyi yikamba pa Disembala 17, 2014, apo Raúl Castro na Barack Obama ŵakapharazga kuti ŵaŵeso paubwezi na caru ca Cuba, ndipo ivi vingapangiska kuti nkhondo iyo yili kuŵapo kwa vyaka 50 yimare. Ŵanthu ŵakwamba kukakika pa Ciŵiri, Disembala 30, pamasinda pakuti Bruguera wapharazga kuti wacitenge maseŵero gha pa wumba na cilato cakuti waŵaleke ŵanthu ŵa ku Cuba kuti ŵayowoye maghanoghano ghawo mwakufwatuka. Mulimo uwu ukacemeka kuti Tatlin's wisper #6  ⁇  Havana Version, ndipo ukacitikapo kale mu 2009 pa nyengo ya 10th Havana Biennial. Mu nyengo ya Tatlin's Whisper #5 (2008), ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵapo pa chiphikiro ichi ŵakasangana na ŵapolisi awo ŵakakweranga pa mahachi.[9]

Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakayowoyapo nkhani iyi mu manyuzipepara[20][21][22][23][24] ndipo ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1,000 pa caru cose ŵakalemba na kusayinira kalata yakukhozgera Tania iyo yikalembekera Raúl Castro. Kalata iyi yikayowoya kuti: "Tikugomezga kuti kumukaka na kukanizga pasipoti yake ya ku Cuba, ni nthowa zambura kwenelera zakucitira vinthu na munthu uyo wakakhumbanga waka kuti ŵanthu ŵayowoyepo". Pamanyuma ŵakamufumiska ndipo boma la Cuba likamuwezgera pasipoti yake pa Julayi 10, 2015, myezi 6 kufuma apo ŵakayipokelera.

Mu Disembala 2015, Bruguera wakapharazga kuti wangaweleraso ku Cuba. Iyo wakati apo wakaŵa mu jele wakazomera kuti wafumenge pekha para wapika vinthu viŵiri: kuti awo ŵakakolerana nayo yayi na boma awo ŵakakakika pamasinda pakuti wawonelerapo ivyo wakacita pa Revolution Square ŵafumiskike; ndiposo kuti boma la Cuba limupeko kalata yakusachizga kuti wawelerenge ku Cuba.

Pa 3 March, 2016, iye wakambiska kampeni ya Kickstarter kuti wasange ndalama za INSTAR (Institute of Artivism Hannah Arendt). Wupu uwu ukukhumba kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe paubwezi, ŵacitenge vinthu mwamtende kweniso mwamahara para vinthu vyasuzga, kweniso kuti ŵanthu awo ŵali na maghanoghano ghakupambana pa nkhani ya ndyali ŵakumanenge pamoza kuti ŵazenge caru ciwemi. Awo ŵakalemba pulogiramu iyi ŵakaphalirika kuti ŵapeleke uthenga wawo ku boma la Cuba apo Bruguera wakanizgikanga.

Mu Okutobala 2017, Tania Bruguera wakapharazga kuti wazamupharazga nga ni "Purezidenti wa ku Cuba", para Pulezidenti Raul Castro (munyamata wa Fidel Castro) wafumapo pa udindo. Bruguera wakayowoya kuti mulimo wa kuseka uwu ni mulimo wa kuvumbura kuti Cuba ni boma la chipani chimoza ilo ŵanthu ŵakulisora yayi. Iyo wakugomezga kuti wasinthenge vinthu mwa kuvumbura unenesko uwu, na kuwuskapo cikhaliro ca wofi.

Bruguera wakakakika mu Disembala 2018 pambere wandachite chipharazgo chakususkana na dango la ku Cuba (Docree 349) ilo likukhumba kuti awo ŵakucita vyakusanguluska ŵapemphe boma kuti liŵapenge malaisensi. Pa Disembala 6, 2018, Bruguera wakafumiskika mu jele pamanyuma pa mazuŵa ghatatu pamoza na ŵanthu ŵanyake 12 awo ŵakakanizganga ŵanthu kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyakupambanapambana. Ndipouli, mudumbu wake wakaphalira nyuzipepara ya The Art Newspaper kuti boma la Cuba likumujalira mu nyumba ndipo likukhumba kuti wamukome. Bruguera wakadandawura ku boma la ku Cuba kuti likamuyowoyera vyauzeleza pamasinda pakusindikizga nkhani izo zikakhumbanga "kumuŵinya [mwanakazi uyu] na mbumba yake, mu maghanoghano, mu umoyo, na mu nchito yake". Nkhani izi zikaŵa mu nyuzipepara ya Gramma, Razones de Cuba, na La Jiribilla.

Mu Okutobala 2020, Bruguera wakadandawura kuti wakapulikanga vyakuŵinya vinandi chifukwa cha kupoma uko wakapulika mu nyumba yake ku Havana.[25]Vimanyikwiro vya matenda agha vikuyana waka na ivyo vikucitika para munthu wali na nthenda ya ku Havana.

Ukaboni

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  1. ↑ Great Women Artists. Phaidon Press. 2019. p. 79. ISBN 978-0714878775.
  2. ↑ Author 14ymedio (2023-05-04). "Forced Into Exile, Artist Tania Bruguera Says That She Will Return to Cuba in August". Translating Cuba (in British English). Retrieved 2023-05-20. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Reilly and Nochlin, Eds (2007). Global Feminisms: New Directions in Contemporary Art. London and New York: Merrell. p. 270.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 IUAV, Faculty of Arts & Design
  5. ↑ Posner, Helaine; Mosquera, Gerardo; Lambert-Beatty, Carrie (2009). Tania Bruguera: On the political imaginary. New York, NY: Charta. ISBN 978-88-8158-764-3.
  6. ↑ Alvarez, Carlos Manuel. "Tania Bruguera: Cuban artist fights for free expression". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  7. ↑ "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). taniabruguera.com. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  8. ↑ "Tania Bruguera Departing Cuba in Exchange for Government Freeing Prisoners". www.artforum.com (in American English). Retrieved 2023-05-20.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation".
  10. ↑ Fusco, Coco (2000). Corpus Delecti: Performance Art of the Americas. London: Routledge. pp. 152–153. ISBN 0415194547.
  11. ↑ "Holy Terrors: Performing Greater Cuba: Tania Bruguera and the Burden of Guilt". Holy Terrors: Latin American Women Perform. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
  12. ↑ Bruguera, Tania. "The Burden of Guilt". Tania Bruguera. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  13. ↑ Rubin, Edward. "Art in America Featured Installation by Cuban Artist at Neuberger Museum". Artes Magazine. Archived from the original on August 15, 2011. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Reuters, Cuba accuses blogger of "provocation".
  15. ↑ The Miami Herald, Artist's work lets Cubans speak out in Havana for freedom
  16. ↑ La Repubblica, Cuba, blogger sul palco per un grido di libertà.
  17. ↑ La Jiribilla:, Declaración del Comité Organizador de la Décima Bienal de La Habana.
  18. ↑ "El peso de la culpa (The Burden of Guilt) • Pérez Art Museum Miami". Pérez Art Museum Miami (in American English). Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  19. ↑ Valentine, Victoria L. (2021-08-21). "New Acquisitions: Pérez Art Museum Miami Adds 13 Works to Collection, Diverse Slate of Artists Includes Kenturah Davis, Bisa Butler, Karon Davis, Coco Fusco, and Sonia Gomes". Culture Type (in American English). Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  20. ↑ "How Tania Bruguera's Free Speech Performance Was Mishandled, and Misreported, in Cuba". Hyperallergic (in American English). 7 January 2015. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  21. ↑ "On the detention of Cuban artist Tania Bruguera, by Coco Fusco | e-flux". www.e-flux.com. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  22. ↑ "Tania Bruguera's 2014 Whisper Performance – artnet News". artnet News (in American English). 8 January 2015. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  23. ↑ "Tania Bruguera's Tatlin's Whisper #6 and the Hannah Arendt International Institute for Artivism | Art Agenda". www.art-agenda.com. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  24. ↑ Hoby, Hermione (2015-10-13). "Tania Bruguera: the more the secret police torture me, the better my art gets". The Guardian (in British English). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  25. ↑ CiberCuba (October 18, 2020). "Tania Bruguera denuncia malestares físicos y un sonido parecido al de un grillo electrónico en su casa". CiberCuba. Retrieved October 21, 2020.

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