Ufumu wa Lunda

Mtundu wa Lunda (c. 1665 ‡ c. 1887) ukaŵa wupu wa vyaru ivyo sono ni Democratic Republic of Congo, kumpoto-kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Angola, na kumpoto-kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Zambia.

Kingdom of Lunda Lunda
Location of Ufumu wa Lunda
Chiyowoyelo chaboma		Chilunda
Mitundu ya Ŵanthu		Balunda
Mtundu wa Boma		Monarchy
Ndalama		{{{currency}}}

Lunda wakuwoneka mu malo gha pakati pa mapu.

Umo Vikaŵirako

Pakwamba, mu Lunda mukaŵa chigaŵa chakuchemeka N'Gaange. Mu nyengo yira, ufumu uwu ukawusikanga na fuko la Mwane-a-n'Gaange. Yumoza wa mafumu agha, Ilunga Tshibinda, wakafuma mu fuko la Luba uko mukuru wake wakawusanga ndipo wakatora mwanakazi wa fuko linyake kumwera. Mwana wawo wakaŵa fumu yakwamba ya Lunda, ndipo wakachemeka Mwane-a-Yamvu (c. 1665).

Usani

Mu 1680, Ufumu wa Lunda ukaŵa na malo ghakujumpha 150,000 km2. Chigawochi chinawonjezeka kawiri kukula kwake mpaka pafupifupi 300,000 km2 pachimake pa zaka za m'ma 1800.Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Mwane-a Yamvo ŵa ku Lunda ŵakaŵa ŵankhongono comene cifukwa ŵakaŵa na ŵanthu 175,000. Padera pa ŵasilikari awo ŵakaŵa ŵanandi, Ufumu wa Lunda ukapokeraso ŵalongozgi Ŵachiyuda na vilwero vinyake vyakufuma ku tawuni ya Nyangwe na Kabambare. Cifukwa ca kutorana na ŵana ŵa mafumu gha ku Luba, iwo ŵakamba kutemwana.

Ŵanthu ŵa ku Lunda ŵakakhazikika mu vigaŵa vinyake, ndipo ŵakamba kuthandazga ufumu wawo kujumpha kumwera cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Katanga kuya ku Angola na kumpoto cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Zambia. Ufumu uwu ukaŵa wa mafumu ghanandi agho ghakaŵa na wanangwa wa kujilongozga (panthazi pakuti ŵakapelekanga mithulo), ndipo Mwata Yamvo ndiyo wakaŵa mulongozgi mukuru.

Cifukwa cakuti ufumu uwu ukaŵa wankhongono, ukapoka vigaŵa vya mafuko ghanyake, comenecomene vya kumafumiro gha dazi. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakasamira kumwera kwa Nyanja ya Tanganyika. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bemba awo ŵakukhala kumpoto kwa Zambia ŵali kufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Luba awo ŵakaluta ku Zambia mu vyaka vya m'ma 1700. Pa nyengo yeneyira, mulongozgi wa Lunda zina lake Mwata Kazembe, wakambiska ufumu wa Lunda kumanjiliro gha dazi mu dambo la Luapula.

Kuwa

Ufumu wa Lunda ukamara mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, apo ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Chokwe awo ŵakaŵa na vilwero ŵakamba kuwukira. Kufuma apo, Ŵachokwe ŵakamba kuwusa mu ufumu wawo na chiyowoyero chawo kweniso mitheto yawo. Ŵalongozgi na ŵanthu ŵa ku Lunda ŵakalutilira kukhala ku Lunda, kweni nkhongono zawo zikakhira.

Pakwamba nyengo ya ukoloni (1884), chigaŵa cha Lunda chikagaŵika pakati pa Portugal Angola, King Leopold II wa ku Belgium Congo Free State na British ku North-Western Rhodesia, iyo yikazgoka Angola, DR Congo na Zambia. Gulu la Lunda ku Northern Rhodesia likalongozgekanga na ŵalongozgi ŵaŵiri ŵakumanyikwa; Ishindi na Kazembe Kazembi), ndipo Ishindi wakambiska ufumu wake kumpoto ca kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa caru na Kazembe kumpoto kwa kumafumiro gha dazi. Pa ŵakaronga ŵaŵiri ŵakumanyikwa, Ishindi wakaŵa wakwamba kubabika kwa Mwanta Yamvo uyo Kazembe wakimikika kuŵa fumu chifukwa cha kugomezgeka kwa Mwanta Yamvo.

Wonaniso

• List of rulers of the Lunda Empire
• Luba Empire

Ukaboni

1. Pogge, Im Reich des Muata Jamwo (Berl. 1880);
2. Buchner, Das Reich des Muata Jamwo (in "Deutsche Geographische Blätter", Brem. 1883

Vinyake

• Thornton, John (1998). Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800 (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 340 Pages. ISBN 0-521-62724-9.

Vinandi

• LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 1989f "Lunda and Chokwe Kingdoms" IN Country Study: Angola (October 2005) [www] http://lcweb2.loc.gov
• Art and Life in Africa Project, The University of Iowa School of Art and Art History: "Lunda Information." https://web.archive.org/web/20070125235118/http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/ 03 Nov. 1998.