Ndege ya Malaŵi

Air Malawi Limited yikaŵa ndege ya boma ya Malawi, iyo yikaŵa na ofesi yake mu Blantyre, ndipo yikendeskanga ndege za ŵanthu. Boma la Malawi likapharazga mu Novembala 2012 kuti chifukwa cha ndalama izo likagwiliskiranga ntchito, ndege iyi yikaleka kugwira ntchito mu Febuluwale 2013.

Air Malawi

File:Air Malawi logo.svg
IATA ICAO Callsign QM AIM MALAWI
Founded	March 1964
Ceased operations	February 2013
Parent company	Government of Malawi
Headquarters	Blantyre, Malawi

Ndege iyi yikamba kugwira ntchito mu 1964 nga nkhamwana ka Central African Airways, ndipo yikatora wanangwa na kuŵa ndege ya chalo cha Malawi. Kupatulapo maulendo ghachoko waka gha mtunda utali ku London mu ma 1970, ndege iyi yikwenda pa ndege za mu charu na za mu vigaŵa, kufuma ku chipatala cha Chileka International Airport, Blantyre.

Nyengo zinandi, ndege ya Air Malawi yikasuzgikanga na ndalama, ndipo boma la Malawi likayezgapo kaŵiri kose kuti liwezgere kampani iyi ku boma. Mu 2003, ŵakayezgapo kankhondi, kweni ŵakatondeka chifukwa munthu uyo wakawina, pamoza na South African Airways, wakatondeka kupeleka ndalama. Mu 2007, ndege iyi yikatondeka cifukwa ca kupambana maghanoghano na Comair wa ku South Africa. Boma, kwizira mu wupu wake wa privatization commission, likapharazga mu Seputembala 2012 kuti liyambeso kupenja munthu munyake uyo wangaŵa mweneko wa Air Malawi,

ndipo mu Julayi 2013 Ethiopian Airlines yikakhazikiskika kuŵa munyawo wa ndege yiphya yakuchemeka Malawi Airlines.

Mbili

Vyaka vyakwambilira (1964-1967)

Air Malawi yikamba kugwira nchito mu 1964 nga nkhamwana ka Central African Airways (CAA), iyo yikapangaso Air Rhodesia na Zambia Airways. CAA yikapeleka ndege ziŵiri za Douglas DC-3 na zitatu za de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beavers ku Air Malawi kuti zikwambe kugwira nchito, kweniso yikapeleka wovwiri wa luso, vinthu na ŵanthu. Pa 1 Ogasiti 1964, ndege iyi yikamba kwenda pakati pa Blantyre-Salima-Ndola, na Beira ku Mozambique. Ntchito ya Beira yikagwiranga lumoza na DETA. Kampani iyi yikamba kwendera ndege za DC-3 ku Mzuzu, ndipo pa 18 February 1965 yikamba kwendera ndege za Salisbury-Mauritius.

Mu 1967, CAA yikamara ntchito yake, ndipo ndege ya Air Malawi yikamba kujilongozga yekha. Kampani iyi yikapeleka ndege ziŵiri za Vickers Viscounts, ndipo ndege yinyake ya Beech C55 Baron yikaŵa mu ndege iyi. Kuumaliro wa 1967, ndege ya DC-3 yikendanga pa ndege zose za ku Malawi. Central African Airways yikamara pa 31 Disembala 1967, ndipo mulimo wa maulendo ghose ukaluta ku ma airlines ghatatu (Zambia Airways, Air Malawi na Air Rhodesia), agho Air Malawi yikakhazikiskika na parliament Act mu 1967. Wupu wa International Air Transport Association ukaŵa na mamembara pa Janyuwale 1, 1968.

Independent operations (1968–1999)

Nkhondo iyi yikamba pa 2 Epulero 1968 pa msewu wa Blantyre kuya ku Johannesburg, ndipo pamanyuma pake msewu uwu ukaŵa wa Blantyre-Salisbury, na Salisbury-Mauritius kwizira ku Blantyre na Nampula. Paumaliro wa m'ma 1960 na kukwambilira kwa m'ma 1970, ndege izi zikaŵa zapanyengo yake ndipo zikaŵa za mtundu unyake. Ndege ziŵiri za HS-748 zikapika mu Meyi 1969, ndipo ndege iyi yikapika ndege ziŵiri za Britten-Norman BN-2A Islander mu Julayi 1969. Mu Disembala 1969 na Janyuwale 1970, ndege za HS-748 zikapelekeka, ndipo mu Novembala 1969 na Seputembala 1970, ndege za Islanders zikapelekeka. Wupu uwu ukaguliska ndege yaumaliro ya DC-3 mu Malichi 1970, ndipo mu Novembala 1970 ukagura ndege ya BAC One-Eleven ku Zambia Airways kwa vyaka viŵiri. Pakuŵa na ndege za BAC One-Eleven, Nairobi na Johannesburg nazo zikasazgikako ku ndege izi.

Mu Febuluwale 1972, ndege iyi yikachita lenti ndege ya Vickers VC-10 ku British Caledonian, ndipo yikenda pa msewu kufuma ku Blantyre kuya ku London. British Caledonian yikaguliska ndege iyi ku Air Malawi mu Novembala 1974, ndipo ndege iyi yikamba kwendera ndege ku London ku Gatwick Airport, kwizira ku Nairobi pa 3 December 1974. Mu 1974, ndege iyi yikamba kwendera ndege za HS-748 kufuma ku Blantyre kuya ku Manzini ku Swaziland. Kuumaliro wa 1975, ndege iyi yikagwiranga nchito ndege ya VC-10, One-Elevens, HS-748 na Islanders, pa nthowa izo zikuphatikizapo Amsterdam, Beira, Harare, Johannesburg, Lusaka, Manzini, Ndola, Nairobi, Salisbury na Seychelles.

Wupu wa Malawi Air ukagura ndege ya Boeing 747SP ku Heathrow Airport mu 1985.

Mu Seputembala 1978, ndege ya VC-10 yikafumiskika mu ndege chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ndalama zakwendeskera ndege izo zikaŵa zakusuzga pa ndalama za ndege iyi. Mu 1980, ŵakagura magalimoto ghatatu gha Short Shorts Skyvans na Beechcraft King Air. Ndege iyi yikaluta ku Lilongwe mu 1983 kufuma ku Blantyre apo Kamuzu International Airport yikajulika.

Mu April 1985, ndege iyi yikagura ndege ya Boeing 747SP ku South African Airways na kupenta ndege iyi mu mtundu wa Air Malawi. Ndege iyi yikagwiliskirika nchito pa ulendo wa Pulezidenti Hastings Banda wa ku London, ndipo yikakhala mu rejisiti ya ndege za ŵanthu wose kwa mazuŵa 40 pera. Pa Novembala 6, 1987, ndege ya Shorts Skyvan yikadumulika na ŵasilikari ŵa Mozambique ndipo ŵanthu wose 10 awo ŵakaŵa mu ndege iyi ŵakafwa. Ndege iyi yikendanga mu charu, nangauli ŵasilikari ŵa Mozambike ŵakatenge ndege iyi yikanjira mu malo gha Mozambique. Mu Juni 1989, ndege iyi yikapempha ndege ziŵiri za mtundu wa Boeing 737-500, kweni pambere ŵandazipeleke, yikapeleka ndege ya mtundu wa Boeing 737-300. Mu Epulero 1991, ndege iyi yikapempha ndege ziŵiri za Boeing 737-300 mu mtengo wa madola 65 miliyoni. Mu 1991, ndege ya HS-748 yikasinthikaso na ndege ya ATR 42, ndipo mu Disembala 1993, ndege ya Dornier 228 yikanjira mu ndege izi.

Vyakusuzga vya ndalama na vyakukhwaskana na mweneko wa katundu (2000~2011)

Mu Epulero 2000, vikayowoyeka kuti Air Malawi yikaŵa mu suzgo la ndalama, ndipo yikwenera kuti yikeneranga kuguliska katundu kuti yikhalilire pa maji, kweni dipatimenti yakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu yikakana kuyowoyapo. Boma la Malaŵi likaghanaghana kuti likanizgirethu kampani ya Air Malawi mu chaka cha 2000. Mu mwezi wa Malichi chaka cha 2002, ŵantchito 110 ŵakalekeskeka ntchito mwakuti ndalama zileke kunangika.

Boma la Malawi likati lazomerezga kuti South African Airways (SAA) na Crown Aviation ŵatore masheya mu kampani ya Air Malawi, mu Epulero 2003, mgwirizano na SAA kuti wawovwire ndege iyi ukamara. Komiti ya Malawi Privatization Committee yikati awo ŵakakhumbanga kupeleka ndalama zakukwana US$250,000, ndipo boma likakhumbanga kuti SAA yikwanepo masheya mu ndege iyi, apo mulara wa SAA wakayowoya kuti ndege iyi yikukhumba kovwira Air Malawi, kweni nchakuzirwa comene kuti ndege iyi yikwanepo ndalama mu ndege iyi.

Mu Novembala 2007, boma la Malaŵi likapharazga kuti likuyowoya na Comair wa ku South Africa kuti ŵagomezgane na Air Malawi. Mgwirizanowu ukati Comair watora wanangwa wa ndege wa Air Malawi, katundu munyake uyo wakusazgapo ndege ya Boeing 737-300, na kukhazikiska ndege yiphya yakuchemeka Comair Malawi. Mu chaka cha ndalama cha 2007, kampani ya Air Malawi yikasanga phindu la K135 miliyoni, ilo likukwera chomene pakuyaniska na K854 miliyoni izo yikaŵa nazo mu 2006. Mu 2008, maboma gha Malaŵi ghakatemwa kuti ŵaŵe ŵamoza apo boma la Malaŵi likakhumbanga kuti Comair liŵe na 80% ya kampani iyi.

Mu Seputembala 2008, boma la Malawi likapharazga kuti lizomelezgenge kuguliska 49% ya masheya gha Air Malawi ku Comair, apo Roy Commsy, Deputy Minister of Transport of Malawi wakati boma likukhumba kuti 49% ya masheya agha ghaŵe ghakovwira ku chalo. Vikavumbukwa kuti Comair yikugura 49% ya masheya gha Air Malawi pa K490,000 (pafupifupi US$3,500), na mwaŵi wakusazgirako masheya agha kufika pa 80%.

Mu Ogasiti 2009, yikapharazgika kuti Air Malawi yikudumbiskana na Zambezi Airlines za ubali wawo.

Mu Okutobala 2009, ndege ya Air Malawi yikamba ntchito ya e-commerce kuti yichepeske ndalama na kupeleka mwaŵi ku ŵakwendakwenda ŵa pa intaneti.

Kulekeska Air Malawi na kupanga Malawi Airlines (2012~2013)

Ethiopian Airlines yikayowoyeka kuti yili pafupi kupoka 49% ya masheya mu Air Malawi, pamanyuma pakuti komiti ya Private Public Partnership (PPP) ya Malawi yikati ndiyo "wakutemwa kupika masheya" kuti waŵe munyawo wa Malawi Airlines uyo wali pafupi kuzgoreka, ndipo wakukhumba kuti waŵe chigaŵa cha pulani yake yakuzenga chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa, kuyana na mulara wa Ethiopian Airlines.

Mu Julayi 2013, kampani ya Ethiopian Airlines yikakhazikiskika kuti ndiyo yiŵe munyake wa kampani iyi. Kampani yiphya iyi yikenera kucemeka kuti Malawi Airlines kuti yileke kuŵa na mbiri yiheni, kweniso kuti yileke kuŵa na "ŵakweruzgi ŵaheni awo ŵakukhumba kuyuyura kampani iyi".

Nkhani za kampani

Ŵenecho na ŵana ŵawo

Gulu la Air Malawi likaŵa la boma la Malawi.

Chifukwa chakuti ndege iyi yikaŵa mu suzgo, kwizira mu komiti ya privatization Commission (PC), boma likapangaso kampani yinyake ya Air Malawi; yikapanga kampani yiphya, Air Malawi (2012) Limited, nga ni nthowa yakusankhira munyawo wakwenelera (SEP) kuti watore masheya ghaphya mu Air Malawi kwizira mu ndondomeko ya recapitalization, wakayowoya Jimmy Lipunga, mulara wa PC. Wakayowoya kuti kuti vinthu viŵe makora mu vyaru ivi, ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi ŵakwenera kuŵa na chiŵelengero cha 51 peresenti.

Pa cifukwa ici, wupu uphya uwu uzamulekerathu mawupu ghanyake agho ghalipo, nga ni Air Cargo Limited na Lilongwe Handling Company Limited, agho ghakughanaghana kuti ngakovwira.

Makhaliro gha bizinesi

Nyengo zose ndege ya Air Malawi yikaŵanga na masuzgo. Viŵelengero ivyo vikaŵapo mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, comenecomene mu Malipoti gha Vyachuma gha Boma la Malawi panji mu mauthenga gha ŵalara ŵa boma, vili pasi apa (kwa vyaka vya ndarama ivyo vikamara pa Juni 30):

Ndege ya Boeing 737-500 ya Air Malawi, yakuwoneka mu 2006.

	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Turnover (Km)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	3,078	2,600	1,654	n/a	n/a
Net Profits/Losses after tax (Km)	−43	−730	−854	132	−922	−1,471	−1,169	n/a	n/a
Number of employees (at year end)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	c. 270
Number of passengers (m)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Passenger load factor (%)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Number of aircraft (at year end)					3	5	3	3	2
Notes/sources

Malo agho ŵakuluta

Mu Novembala 2011, ndege za Air Malawi zikendanga ku malo agha:

†	Hub
¤	Focus city

Mndandanda

Historic fleet

The Air Malawi fleet had previously included the following aircraft:

Air Malawi Historic Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Retired in
BAC One-Eleven	2	1991
Boeing 737-300	1	2009
Boeing 737-500	1	2007
Boeing 747SP	1	1985
Vickers VC-10	1	1979