Maravi

Maravi ukaŵa ufumu uwo ukaŵa pa mphaka ya Malaŵi, Mozambiki, na Zambia, mu ma 1500. Zina la mazuŵa ghano lakuti "Maláŵi" likufuma ku lizgu la Chichewa lakuti "malaŵí", ilo likung'anamura "moto".

Kingdom of Maravi malaŵí
Location of
Msumba Waboma		Manthimba, Mankhamba
Mitundu ya Ŵanthu		{{{ethnic_groups}}}
Mtundu wa Boma		Monarchy
Ndalama		{{{currency}}}

Mbili

Pa nyengo iyo, chigaŵa ichi chikaŵa na vigaŵa vyakufuma ku vigaŵa vya ŵanthu ŵa ku Tonga na Tumbuka kumpoto m'paka ku Lower Shire kumwera, kweniso kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Luangwa na Zambezi. Ŵalongozgi ŵa Maravi ŵakaŵa ŵa fuko la Mwale ndipo ŵakacemekanga Kalonga. Ŵakalamuliranga kufuma ku Manthimba, msumba ukuru wa boma, ndipo ndiwo ŵakambiska boma ili. Pa nyengo yeneyira, mbumba ya Banda, iyo kanandi yikaŵanga na ŵanthu ŵakuchizga, ŵavinjeru, na ŵantchito ŵakusazga visulo, ŵakendeskanga vinthu vya cisopa kufuma ku msumba wawo wa Mankhamba kufupi na Nthakataka.

Ŵakati ŵafika ku Portugal, malonda ghakalutilira kukura. Vinthu ivi vikaŵa nga ni mphete za Khami na vyakununkhira vya ku China ivyo vikizanga kufuma ku Portugal. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, boma la Maravi likamba kunangika, ndipo kanandi ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Yao ŵakaŵawukiranga. Mu 1859, David Livingstone wakaluta ku Nyanja ya Nyasa, ndipo mwaluŵiro ŵamishonale ŵanyake ŵa Chiprotesitanti ŵakamulondezga.

Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ndiwo ŵakambiska mtundu wa Maravi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakasamira mu dambo la Mlonga wa Shire (uwo ukufuma mu Nyanja ya Nyassa) cha m'ma 1480. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, charu ichi chikakura chomene ndipo chikafika mu vigaŵa ivyo sono ni Zambia na Mozambique. Mu vilimika vya m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Yao ŵakaŵawukira, ndipo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga ŵawo ku misika ya ŵazga ku Kilwa na Zanzibar. Mu ma 1860 C.E., chisopa cha Cisilamu chikamba kwiza mu chigaŵa ichi kwizira mu ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga. David Livingstone ndiyo wakaluta ku malo agha, ndipo ŵamishonale ŵa Chiprotesitanti ŵakazenga malo agha mu 1873. Kweniso mu 1883 ku Britain kukatumika kazembe munyake.

Kwambira mu vyaka vya m'ma 1300 C.E., vikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakasamukira ku chigaŵa cha Lake Malawi. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakafuma ku Congo Basin kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Nyanja ya Mweru, mu chigaŵa icho pamanyuma chikazgoka chigaŵa cha Ufumu wa Luba. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakalutilira kusama mu vilimika viŵiri panji vitatu vyakulondezgapo, kweni vikuwoneka kuti mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500, ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakamanyikwanga na zina lakuti Maravi ŵakakhazikika mu dambo la Mlonga wa Shire na mu chigaŵa chikuru icho chili kumanjiliro gha dazi na kumwera kwa dazi la Malawi, kusazgapo vigaŵa vinyake vya Zambia na Mozambique. Munthu wakwamba uyo wakalemba vya ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Maravi wakaŵa Gaspar Bocarro, uyo wakaŵa wa ku Portugal.. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1660, dada Manuel Barretto, uyo wakaŵa wasembe wa tchalitchi la Jesuit, wakalongosora vya wupu wankhongono uwo ukaŵa na nkhongono pa nkhani ya vyachuma, uwo ukaŵa pakati pa Mlonga wa Zambezi na Quelimane. Nkhani yinyake ya mu nyengo ya Ŵakhristu ŵakwambilira yikulongora kuti mphaka ya kumanjiliro gha dazi ya charu ichi yikaŵa pafupi na Mlonga wa Luangwa, ndipo yikafika kumpoto kwa Mlonga wa Dwangwa.

Ntheura, "Maravi" ni zina la ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique na chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Zimbabwe. Chiyowoyero cha Chewa, icho chikuchemekaso Nyanja, Chinyanja, panji Chichewa, chikuyowoyeka kumwera na pakati pa Malawi, ku Zambia, na ku Mozambique, ndicho chikafuma mu ufumu uwu.

Vigaŵa vya kuwaro

• Maravi culture
• History of Maravi