Wikipedia

Hakainde Hichilema

mlongozgi wa nambala 7 wa Zambia
(Kufumila ku Hichilema Hakainde)

Hakainde Hichilema (wakababika pa 4 Juni 1962) ni munthu wa bizinesi, mulimi, na wandale wa ku Zambia uyo ni purezidenti wa nambara 7 wa Zambia kufuma pa 24 August 2021.[1] Wakati wavota kale pa mavoti ghankhondi mu 2006, 2008, 2011, 2015 na 2016, wakathereska pa mavoti gha 2021.[2] Wakulongozga chipani cha United Party for National Development kufuma mu chaka cha 2006 pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya Anderson Mazoka uyo wakambiska chipani ichi.

Hakainde Hichilema
Hichilema
7th President of Zambia
Udindo wasono
Nyengo:
24 August 2021
Wachiŵili kwa mlongozgi Mutale Nalumango
Kupokela Edgar Lungu
President of the UPND
Udindo wasono
Nyengo:
24 May 2006
Wachiŵili kwa mlongozgi Batuke Imenda
Kupokela Anderson Mazoka
Umoyo wamunthu
Kubabika (1962-06-04) 4 June 1962 (vyaka 62)
Hachipona, Northern Rhodesia, Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (now Monze District, Zambia)
Chipani United Party for National Development
Nthengwa Mutinta Hichilema
Ŵana 3

Pambere wandasankhike, Hichilema wakaŵa mulwani mukuru wa Edgar Lungu, uyo wakaŵa purezidenti wa Zambia kufuma mu 2015 mpaka 2021. Pa 11 April 2017, Hichilema wakakakika na kupelekeka mulandu wa upusikizgi, ivyo Lungu wakawona kuti nchinthu cambura kuzomerezgeka kuti waleke kuyowoyapo vya ndyali.[3] Ku Zambia na ku vyaru vinyake, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakasuska ivyo vikachitika. Hichilema wakafumiskika mu jele pa 16 August 2017, ndipo mulandu wa upusikizgi ukadumulika. [4][5]

Umoyo Wakwambilira

Hichilema wakababikira mu muzi wa Boma la Monze mu Zambia. Wakasanga mwaŵi wa kusambira pa Yunivesite ya Zambia ndipo wakamalizga masambiro ghake mu 1986. Pamanyuma pake wakasambira MBA mu vya ndalama na vyamalonda pa yunivesite ya Birmingham ku United Kingdom.[6]

Wakaŵa CEO wa Coopers na Lybrand Zambia (1994-1998) na Grant Thornton Zambia (1998-2006).[7]

Ntchito ya ndale

Hichilema wali mu chipani cha United Party for National Development, chipani cha liberal. Pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya Anderson Mazoka mu 2006, wakasankhika kuŵa purezidenti wa chipani ichi. Wakateŵeteraso nga ni mulongozgi wa United Democratic Alliance (UDA), wupu wa vyaru vitatu vyandyali.

Mu 2006 chisankho, Hichilema wakaŵa wakwimilira chipani cha UDA ndipo wakathereska pulezidenti Levy Mwanawasa wa Movement for Multiparty Democracy and Patriotic Front Michael Sata. Wakazomerezgeka na pulezidenti Kenneth Kaunda. Chisankho chikachitika pa 28 September 2006 ndipo Hichilema wakatora malo ghachitatu na pafupifupi 25% ya mavoti.

Hichilema wakimilira nga ni munthu wa UPND pa chisankho cha 2008, icho chikachitika pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya President Levy Mwanawasa.[8] Wakaŵa wacitatu na mavoti 19.7%. Mu Juni 2009, chipani cha Hichilema, UPND, chikachita phangano na chipani cha Patriotic Front (PF) cha Michael Sata kuti chichitenge nawo chisankho cha 2011. Ndipouli, cifukwa ca kuleka kugomezga munthu uyo wakeneranga kunjira mu phangano ili, kweniso cifukwa ca kuyuyulika kwa mafuko ku vigaŵa vyose viŵiri, phangano ili likamara mu Malichi 2011. [9]

Wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakasankhika pa mavoti gha boma mu Janyuwale 2015, ndipo wakatondeka pa mavoti 27,757 (1.66%) kwimikana na Edgar Lungu. Hichilema wakati mavoti agha ghakaŵa ghautesi ndipo wakachiska ŵanthu ŵake kuti ŵaŵe ŵakufwasa.[10][11] Wakathereskaso Lungu pakuŵa mulongozgi wa chipani cha opposition mu mavoti gha mu mwezi wa Ogasiti 2016.[12]

Mu Epulero 2017, wakakakika cifukwa ca kukayikira kuti wakwendera mphiska boma. [13] Wakakhala mu jere myezi yinayi pambere wandapeleke chilango. [14][15]

Wakakakika na kupelekeka mulandu wa upusikizgi

Hichilema wakakakika pa 11 April 2017. Mu usiku wa pa 11 Epulero 2017 ŵapolisi ŵa ku Zambia ŵakanjira mu nyumba ya Hichilema kuti ŵakake mulongozgi mukuru wa chipani chakususkana na boma la President Edgar Lungu [16][17][18] ndipo ŵakamupa mulandu wa upusikizgi wakati waŵika umoyo wa pulezidenti pangozi chifukwa chakuti ŵanthu awo ŵakendanga nayo ŵakakana kumupa malo munthu uyo wakendeskanga Lungu, [19] nkhani iyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakawonanga kuti njacilendo[20][21] ndipo ni dango yayi ilo lingaŵa nga ni upusikizgi. Hichilema wakakana mulandu uwu, uwo ukupeleka chilango cha nyifwa. [22]

Ŵapolisi ŵakagwiliskira nchito nkhongono zinandi[23] ŵakanjira mu nyumba ya Hichilema na kunanga nyumba yake na katundu wake, ŵakatimba ŵantchito ŵake wose, kwiba ndalama, majuda, kweniso malaya ghamukati, skapato, ma speaker, mabulangete, matayipi na vyakurya mu khichini na kutuka pa bedi la Hichilema. [24][25]

Ŵakaponya mabomba gha mafuta gha masozi mu nyumba ya Hichilema[26] Wakagwiliskira nchito gasi Hichilema, muwoli wake, na ŵana ŵake, awo ŵakawa kanandi waka cifukwa ca kunyamura gasi.[27]

Wakakhala mu jere

Hichilema wakati apo wakaŵa mu jele wakakhala mu jele kwa mazuŵa 8 kwambura chakurya, maji, ungweru, panji ŵanthu ŵakumuwona. [28]

Wakakakika mu chigaŵa cha The Stream TV cha Al Jazeera icho chili na mutu wakuti Is Zambia's Democracy in Danger[29] ilo likaŵa pa 30 May 2017.

Pulezidenti wakwamba wa ku Zambia, Kenneth Kaunda, ŵakamuwezga mu jele apo wakaluta kukawona Hichilema. [30]

Mmusi Maimane, mulongozgi wa Democratic Alliance (South Africa) nayo wakapokeka yayi na ŵapolisi ŵa ku Zambia apo wakiza ku Zambia kuzakawonelera mulandu wa Hichilema. Ŵakamukanizga kukhira mu ndege, ŵakamupoka foni, na kumutimba.[31] Ici cikapangiska kuti ofesi ya vyaru vyakuwaro ya South Africa yiceme Emmanuel Mwamba, uyo ni thenga la Zambia ku South Africa kuti wayowoyepo ivyo boma la Zambia likucita.

Pulezidenti wakale wa Nigeria, Olusegun Obasanjo wakaluta kukawona Hichilema mu jere. [32]

Secretary General wa Commonwealth, Baroness Patricia Scotland, wakaluta kaŵiri kukawona Hichilema mu jere.[33]

Ndondomeko ya vyakofya

Apo Hichilema wakaŵa mu jere, Pulezidenti Lungu wakaŵika dango lakucitapo kanthu mwaluŵiro,[34] Ŵanthu ŵakususka ŵakawona kuti ni nthowa yakuti wakhozge mazaza ghake.[35]

Kuyuyura na kususka

Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakasuska ivyo Hichilema wakacita. Boma la United States, [36] European Union, [37] ndipo Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Europe[38] wakayowoyapo yayi kuti ŵakamukora. Wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu ku Africa (African Liberal Network) ukasuska kukakika kwa Lungu, ndipo ukati ni kuyezga kukanizga ŵanthu awo ŵakususka. [39] Ŵabishopu ŵa Katolika ŵakasuska comene ivyo vikacitika ndipo ŵakati Zambia wazgoka muwuso wa wupu wakulongozgeka na pulezidenti Edgar Lungu.[40] Julius Malema, mulongozgi wa chipani cha EFF ku South Africa, wakapa mulandu pulezidenti wa Zambia Edgar Lungu kuti wakusuzga ŵanthu chifukwa cha kukaka Hichilema pa mulandu wa upusikizgi[41] ndipo wakamuchema pulezidenti Lungu kuti ni "munthu wankhaza". [42] Mmusi Maimane, mulongozgi wa chipani cha DA ku South Africa, uyo wakakanika kunjira mu Zambia kuti wakawone Hichilema mu jele[43] (wakakanizgika kufuma mu ndege pa Lusaka's Kenneth Kaunda International Airport) wakususka chomene milandu yautesi iyo yikususkana na Hichilema. [44]

Ku Zambia, South Africa, [45], na United Kingdom [46]ŵanthu ŵakamba kususka. Ŵakapempha kuti Hichilema wafwatulike na kususka muwuso wa Edgar Lungu na kunangika kwa wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu Zambia.

Kufuma mu jere

Pa 16 August 2017, pakaŵa viphikiro vinandi mu Zambia apo Hichilema wakafumiskikanga mu jele. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakimilira mu misewu ya Lusaka kuti ŵamuwone. [47]

Kofi Annan, mulembi mukuru wakale wa UN, wakawonga boma la Zambia cifukwa ca kulekeska mulandu wa Hichilema na kumufumiska mu jere. [48]

Mapemphero gha kuwonga ghakachitika kuti Hichilema wafume mu jele pa Cathedral of Holy Cross ku Lusaka pa 29 August 2017 ndipo Hichilema wakaŵapo pa chiphikiro icho chikakopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ndipo chikapharazgika pa wayilesi. Ungano uwu ukeneranga kuchitika pa Ogasiti 24, kweni ŵapolisi awo ŵakaŵa na vilwero vikuru ŵakawulekeska.

Hichilema wakati wafwatulika, ŵanthu ŵakamba kumutemwa chomene ndipo wakapokera chawanangwa cha Africa Freedom Award ku Johannesburg, South Africa. Wakacemeka kuti wayowoye pa Catham House mu London, ndipo wakacemekaso ku South Africa na mamembara gha Democratic Alliance.[49]

Buku ilo likulongosora vya nyengo iyo Hichilema wakakhala mu jele lakuchemeka Hakainde Hichilema's Prison Diary [50] wakafumiskika pa 29 September 2017 na mulembi Fredrick Misebezi. [51] Hichilema wakazomerezga buku ili na kuchiska ŵanthu kuti ŵaliŵazge. [52]

Kucenjezga na kucenjera kwa ŵapolisi mu 2020

Pa 23 Disembala 2020, Hichilema wakapokera chenjezgo na chenjezgo ku ofesi yikuru ya ŵapolisi ku Zambia ku Lusaka chifukwa cha mulandu wa "kupangana kuti wapange upusikizgi wakususkana na chigaŵa cha 313 cha Criminal Code, Chap 87 cha malango gha Zambia", wakukhwaskana na kugura katundu mu 2004.[53] Apo Hichilema wakafikanga kuti ŵakamufumbenge mafumbo, ŵapolisi ŵakakumana na ŵanthu ŵakukolerana na UPND. Pakukhumba kutimbanizga wumba, ŵapolisi ŵakakoma wapolisi na movwiri wa UPND. [54]

Wupu Wakulongozga

 
Map highlighting countries where Hichilema made official visits while president
 
Hichilema with the President of the European Parliament Roberta Metsola on 23 June 2022
Nkhani ikulu: 2021 Zambian general election

Hichilema wakaluta ku mavoti kuti waŵe pulezidenti ka 6 pa chisankho icho chikachitika pa 12 August 2021. Wapampando wa komiti ya vyakusankha Esau Chulu wakapharazga kuti watonda pa maora ghakwambilira pa Ogasiti 16. [55][56]

Wakati watonda, Hichilema wakayowoya kuti wakukhumba kusankha ŵanthu ŵakwenelera ŵa ku Zambia kuti ŵateŵetere mu boma lake. Pa ŵanthu awo wakasora pakaŵa Sylvia Masebo, Situmbeko Musokotwane, na Jito Kayumba.

Awards

Hichilema wakapokera chawanangwa cha Africa Freedom Award kufuma ku Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom pa 27 October 2017 pa chiphikiro icho chikachitika ku Johannesburg, South Africa.[57]

Kufumba

Hichilema wakawonekeranga pa TV ya BBC pa HARDtalk pa 1 November 2017 ndipo wakafumbika na Stephen Sackur. [58] Wakaŵa mulongozgi wakwamba wa ndyali wa Zambia uyo wakawoneska pa HARDtalk ndipo wakaŵa waciŵiri kufuma kwa pulezidenti wakale Levy Mwanawasa.

Pa 17 Disembala 2017, Hichilema wakawonekera pa Sunday Interview ya ZNBC, kumupangiska kuŵa mulongozgi wakwamba wa chipani chakususka uyo wakachitiska pa pulogiramu iyi.[59] Ivi vikachitika pamanyuma pakuti wupu wa ZNBC wazomerezga pempho la UPND kwizira mwa muyowoyeri wawo, Charles Kakoma uyo wakalembera kalata Director General wa ZNBC Richard Mwanza kupempha kuti Mr. Hichilema wakuwoneka pa Sunday Interview pa 17 December.[60][61] Ungano uwu ukaŵa kuti walembeka kale pa Chitatu cha zuŵa lakulondezgapo pa 10:30 ndipo ukayowoyeka pa Sabata mise.[62][63]

Nkhani

Hichilema wakacemeka kuti wayowoye pa The Royal Institute of International Affairs, iyo yikumanyikwa na zina lakuti Chatham House, pa Okutobala 31, 2017. [64] Wakawelera ku Chatham House pamanyuma pakusankhika kuŵa President, pa 5 November 2021.[65]

Umoyo wa munthu

Hichilema wali kutengwa kwa Mutinta ndipo wali na ŵana ŵatatu. [66] Iyo wali kubapatizika mu mpingo wa Seventh-Day Adventist[67][68] Ndipo pa Disembala 12, 2020, iyo na muwoli wake ŵakasankhika kuŵa ŵalongozgi mu Lusaka.[69] Hichilema ni mulimi wa viŵeto waciŵiri mu Zambia. [70]

Mu Disembala 2014, wakakana kuti ni Muyuda ndipo wakati ŵanthu awo ŵakamususkanga ŵakaŵa ŵaheni. [71] Kweniso wakadandawura kwa Bishop Edward Chomba wa Eastern Orthodox Church cifukwa ca kumupa mulandu wa kusesa zina lake. [72]

Hichilema wakacemeka mu Panama Papers, ndipo mu nkhani iyo yikayowoyeka, wakati wakaŵa mulara wa kampani ya ku Bermuda yakucemeka AfNat Resources Ltd kufuma mu Malichi mpaka Ogasiti 2006. Kampani iyi yikaŵa na ntchito ya kupenja nikele mu Zambia na vyaru vinyake vya mu Africa. Wupu wa International Consortium of Investigative Journalists ukati, "kampani iyi yikaŵa pa msika wa London's Alternative Investment Market m'paka mu 2010, apo yikagulika na kampani ya ku Canada yakuchemeka Axmin pa mtengo wa madola 14 miliyoni". [73][74]

Ukaboni

  1. ↑ Foundation, Thomson Reuters. "Zambian opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema wins presidential election". news.trust.org. Retrieved 16 August 2021. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  2. ↑ Mfula, Chris (16 August 2021). "Zambian opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema wins landslide in presidential election". Reuters (in English). Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  3. ↑ Mfula, Chris (18 April 2017). "Zambian opposition leader charged with trying to overthrow government". Reuters. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  4. ↑ "Zambia: HH walks to freedom as the state enters nolle prosequi in the treason case". 16 August 2017.
  5. ↑ "DPP drops HH case – Zambia Daily Mail".
  6. ↑ "Biography: Hakainde Hichilema". www.hh-zambia.com. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  7. ↑ "HH's curriculum vitae". Lusaka Times. 19 September 2008. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  8. ↑ "Zambia to hold presidential by-election on Oct.30", Xinhua, 10 September 2008.
  9. ↑ "Opposition alliance in Zambia collapse as UPND pulls out" Archived 18 Novembala 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Newstime Africa, 11 March 2011.
  10. ↑ "Zambia opposition cries foul as Edgar Lungu wins presidential election". The Daily Telegraph. 24 January 2015. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  11. ↑ Hichilema, Hakainde (24 January 2015). "Edgar Lungu steals election". hh-zambia.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
  12. ↑ "Zambia's President Edgar Lungu declared election winner". BBC News. 15 August 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
  13. ↑ Mfula, Chris (18 April 2017). "Zambian opposition leader charged with trying to overthrow government". Reuters. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  14. ↑ "Zambia: HH walks to freedom as the state enters nolle prosequi in the treason case". 16 August 2017.
  15. ↑ "DPP drops HH case – Zambia Daily Mail".
  16. ↑ Catholic Bishops condemn HH arrest, say Zambia is now a dictatorship Lusaka Times
  17. ↑ Malema compares Zambia leader to apartheid rulers News24
  18. ↑ Mr. Lungu, meanwhile, faces accusations of growing authoritarianism. BBC News
  19. ↑ Mr. Hichilema was arrested in April, accused of endangering the president's life after his motorcade allegedly refused to give way to the one transporting Mr. Lungu. BBC News. 16 August 2017.
  20. ↑ "Hakainde Hichilema's treason trial puts Zambia at crossroads". BBC News. 24 May 2017.
  21. ↑ The day road rage led to a treason charge in Zambia, as democracy falters in Africa. LA Times
  22. ↑ He and his aides "strongly" denied the charge, which carries a sentence of at least 15 years. Those found guilty can also be sentenced to death. BBC News. 16 August 2017.
  23. ↑ "Zambia : Police used excessive force to arrest HH and five others-Amnesty International". 27 February 2018.
  24. ↑ "Cops Rob Millions Of Kwacha From Hichilema's Residence In Midnight Raid". Zambia Reports. 12 April 2017. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  25. ↑ POLICE STEAL FOOD FROM HICHILEMA'S HOUSE Zambian Observer
  26. ↑ Maimane had strongly denounced the trumped up charges against Hichilema, and had condemned the African National Congress government for not yet taking a stand against his treason charges. eNCA
  27. ↑ "Cops Rob Millions Of Kwacha From Hichilema's Residence In Midnight Raid". Zambia Reports. 12 April 2017. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  28. ↑ "BBC World News - HARDtalk, Hakainde Hichilema". BBC.
  29. ↑ [stream.aljazeera.com/story/201705301734-0025446]
  30. ↑ "The Zambian Observer - Latest News from Zambia". 29 February 2016.
  31. ↑ "Maimane prevented from entering Zambia | eNCA". www.enca.com.
  32. ↑ "Former Nigerian President Obasanjo goes to visit HH in prison – Mwebantu". Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  33. ↑ Hydrant (http://www.hydrant.co.uk), Site designed and built by (7 August 2017). "Secretary-General meets Zambian president and opposition leader". The Commonwealth.
  34. ↑ Dahir, Abdi Latif (6 July 2017). "One of Africa's most stable democracies just declared a state of emergency". Quartz.
  35. ↑ Zambian President Edgar Lungu this month imposed a state of emergency, a move critics see as an effort to tighten his grip on power News24
  36. ↑ USA denounces brutal arrest of Hichilema Zambian Watchdog
  37. ↑ "US, EU Condemn Hichilema Arrest, Treason Charge". Zambia Reports. 14 April 2017. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  38. ↑ "Human rights: H. Hichilema in Zambia, Dr Gudina in Ethiopia, South Sudan | News | European Parliament". www.europarl.europa.eu. 18 May 2017.
  39. ↑ "Zambia : HH's arrest is unacceptable- Africa Liberal Network". 18 April 2017.
  40. ↑ "Zambia : Catholic Bishops condemn HH arrest, say Zambia is now a dictatorship". Lusakatimes.com. 23 April 2017.
  41. ↑ Malema compares Zambia leader to apartheid rulers News24
  42. ↑ "Lungu, you are a coward. Allow the opposition to oppose you. If you are a true leader, you will defeat them properly not through arrest," Malema said News24
  43. ↑ "Maimane prevented from entering Zambia | eNCA". www.enca.com.
  44. ↑ Maimane had strongly denounced the trumped up charges against Hichilema, and had condemned the African National Congress government for not yet taking a stand against his treason charges. eNCA
  45. ↑ "Pockets of Protesters Send "Release HH" Message at Global Event in Durban". 4 May 2017. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  46. ↑ "Zambians in UK protest HH persecution". 12 May 2017.
  47. ↑ Zambia: Hakainde Hichilema released from jail to jubilant reception, more popular than ever Daily Maverick
  48. ↑ "Statement By Kofi Annan Following The Release Of Hakainde Hichilema". Modern Ghana.
  49. ↑ "HH Addresses Lawmakers in South Africa | MUVI Television | First in News and Entertainment".
  50. ↑ Misebezi, Fredrick (19 March 2018). Hakainde Hichilema's Prison Diary: Events of the day in and outside Prison. ISBN 978-1980573630.
  51. ↑ "The Zambian Observer - Latest News from Zambia". 29 February 2016.
  52. ↑ "Zambia : Book on HH's 127 day stay in jail out". 1 October 2017.
  53. ↑ "Zambia : HH warned and cautioned". LusakaTimes.com (in British English). 23 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  54. ↑ "Zambia : Police reportedly shoot dead State Prosecutor and UPND supporter in attempt to disperse crowds". LusakaTimes.com (in British English). 23 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  55. ↑ Foundation, Thomson Reuters. "Zambian opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema wins presidential election". news.trust.org. Retrieved 16 August 2021. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  56. ↑ Mfula, Chris (16 August 2021). "Zambian opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema wins landslide in presidential election". Reuters (in English). Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  57. ↑ "HH conferred with Africa Freedom Award". zambia24.com (in American English). Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  58. ↑ "Hakainde Hichilema, HARDtalk - BBC World News". BBC. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  59. ↑ "Sunday interview: it was a very bad night for Grevazio". zambianobserver.com. 29 February 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  60. ↑ "ZNBC grants HH Sunday Interview slot". themastonline.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  61. ↑ "HH writes ZNBC to feature on Sunday Interview". lusakatimes.com. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  62. ↑ "ZNBC grants HH Sunday Interview request". lusakatimes.com. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  63. ↑ "ZNBC grants HH Sunday Interview slot". themastonline.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  64. ↑ "Political Opposition and Policy Alternatives in Zambia". Chatham House (in English). Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  65. ↑ "Zambia's political and economic reform and recovery". Chatham House – International Affairs Think Tank (in English). Retrieved 2021-11-08.
  66. ↑ "HH's curriculum vitae". Lusaka Times. 19 September 2008. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  67. ↑ "HH: I am not a Masonist, I am Christian and a church elder at SDA". Lusaka Times. 24 December 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  68. ↑ Division, Noel Sibanda, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean. "Adventist Master Guide Hakainde Hichilema Is the New President of Zambia". Adventist News Network (in English). Retrieved 2021-08-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  69. ↑ Division, Noel Sibanda, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean. "Adventist Master Guide Hakainde Hichilema Is the New President of Zambia". Adventist News Network (in English). Retrieved 2021-08-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  70. ↑ Laing, Aislinn (19 January 2015). "Africa needs leaders to run countries like CEOs, Zambia's opposition leader says". The Daily Telegraph. Ndola. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  71. ↑ "HH: I am an Adventist, I am a Christian, I don't know what Freemasonry is". Lusaka Times. 19 December 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  72. ↑ "HH sues Bishop Chomba for calling him a Satanist and Freemason". Lusaka Times. 25 December 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  73. ↑ "Hakainde Sammy Hichilema | ICIJ Offshore Leaks Database". Offshore Leaks Database. International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  74. ↑ "UPND Leader Hakainde Hichilema named in Paradise Papers". Lusaka Times (in British English). 2017-11-07. Retrieved 2021-08-17.

Vigaŵa vya kuwaro

Party political offices
Kujumphika na President of the UPND
2006–present 		Pa mpando wasono
Mphala za ndale
Kujumphika na President of Zambia
2021–present 		Pa mpando wasono

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